In 2019, the proportion of children prosecuted for indictable offences that were females was 10%. Youth custody statistics for September 2013 published. The largest percentage difference is for drug offences which have a median offence to completion that is 47% higher (49 days) for females in comparison to males. , Out of court disposals available to the police and CPS in 2019 included: simple and conditional cautions; cannabis and khat warnings; penalty notices for disorder (PNDs); and community resolutions. Over the last five years, female representation has remained constant within the MoJ (67% in 2019). A proven reoffence is defined as any offence committed in a one-year follow-up period that leads to a court conviction, caution, reprimand or warning within that year or within a further six-month waiting period to allow the offence to be proven in court. Youth custody data for March 2017 published. For example, 52% of young females who received a suspended sentence had 5 or more GCSEs graded A* to G, compared to 44% of young males. In the same year, 51.7% of adults perceived the Criminal Justice System as effective; this did not significantly differ between sexes. There were some differences between the gender groups at this attainment level across all disposals. , This is not including the 96 victims of the Hillsborough disaster in 2016/17, where 89 were male and 7, female. , 3% of young people identified as intersex or did not disclose this information. In 2019/20, 7,002 prisoners completed the survey of which 694 were female. Self-harm per individual was over twice as high for females at 9.3 instances, compared to 4.4 for males. Figure 5.01: The journey of males and females through the CJS, 2019. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. Young females who were sentenced to custody for more than 12 months had a 73% proportion with SEN without a statement compared to 65% for young males. This proportion was 5 percentage points lower than the proportion of adult females that were prosecuted for indictable offences, at 15%. Overall, of the young offenders sentenced/cautioned, a smaller proportion of young males (80%) had a record of persistent absence compared to young females (85%). Likewise, only slight changes have been seen since 2015 regarding female representation in CPS staff (65% in 2015; 66% in 2019). Other defendants such as companies and public bodies are also excluded. The indictable offence groups with the highest proportion of females prosecuted were fraud offences (33% female) and theft offences (21% female), while the groups with the highest proportion of males prosecuted were sexual offences (98% male) and possession of weapons (93% male). This chapter also includes analysis on the educational attainment and overall educational background of offenders through a data sharing exercise between MoJ and DfE. Figure 6.02: Proportion of prisoners serving immediate custodial sentences by sentence length, sex, June 2019. Prison population figures are from the Offender Management Statistics quarterly bulletin and are averaged across 12 months. The number of arrests has seen a larger percentage decrease for children than adults over the last 5 years, with decreases of 21% for adults and 27% for children since 2015/16. Intimate violence refers to a range of physical and non-physical abuse including domestic abuse, sexual assault and stalking. Figure 7.08: Adult reoffending rate by age group and sex, April 2017 to March 2018 offender cohort, England and Wales. Over the last 5 years, there have been increases in female representation across almost all CJS organisations and in the proportion of senior staff. In 2019, the guilty plea rates for indictable-only offences were 57% for males and 61% for females, and for triable-either-way offences they were 74% for males and 67% for females. In contrast, a higher proportion of male than female first time offenders were cautioned or convicted for drug offences over the last 5 years (13% and 5% respectively in 2019). 4% of crime higher legal aid clients had an unstated sex. The proportion of females experiencing domestic abuse in 2019/20 was 7.3%, double that of males (3.6%). 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G, including English & Maths. Figure 8.03: Indictable offences with the highest proportion of female convictions, England and Wales, 2019. Figure 4.03: Number of Penalty Notices for Disorder issued, by sex, 2015 to 2019. The conviction ratio has been consistently higher for female offenders over the last 5 years, and was 88% in 2019, compared to 87% for males. Please note that the data for the Open Data for June 2021 has been amended. Her Majestys Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) Equalities report was also released on the same day as this report. Previously mothers had no rights at all over their children if the marriage broke down. Having a SEN statement may indicate a higher level of need. The report includes demographic and income data about custodial parents, and details child support income for custodial parents living below the poverty level. , Where sex is known. Findings from a recent data sharing exercise between the MoJ and the Department for Education (DfE) are presented here, with analysis on a matched cohort of those who were in Year 6 in either 2008/09 or 2009/10 and who were aged ten at the start of those academic years[footnote 91][footnote 92]. This varies by offence type, females accounted for a higher proportion of prosecutions for summary offences (29%) than indictable offences (14%). In general, the higher the proportion of students who received FSM, the higher the severity of the disposal category. In 2019, 15% of the total crime lower legal aid workload was for female clients and this proportion has remained stable over the last 5-year period[footnote 41]. Figure 7.03: Average Custodial Sentence Lengths (ACSL) for indictable offences by sex and ethnic group, England and Wales, 2019. Youth custody data - GOV.UK , Senior roles are as follows: CPS: Senior Legal Manager, Chief Crown Prosecutor and Senior Civil Servant; MoJ: Senior Civil Servant; HMPPS: Senior Civil Servant; Police: Chief Inspector, Superintendent, Chief Superintendent, and Chief Officers; Judiciary: High Court Judges, Heads of Division and Lord Justices of Appeal. The judges and lay people analyzed two mock court cases, including a child. Include a detailed revisions policy within every release. It is the Ministry of Justices responsibility to maintain compliance with the standards expected for National Statistics. The defendant can be directed to appear in court or remanded on bail or custody. Females reported that it was harder for family and friend to visit them in prison (this may be due to there being fewer female prisons so the average distance from home is greater). In 2018/19, 671 individuals were victims of homicide in England and Wales; 64% of which were males and 36%, females (Figure 3.03). Overall personal crime rates decreased significantly between 2018/19 and 2019/20. The proportions of female practitioners vary across the CJS organisations (Figure 9.01)[footnote 121]. 2% of crime lower legal aid clients had an unstated sex. , For the detailed statistics for specific offences used in this chapter, see the Principal offence proceedings and outcomes by Home Office offence code data tool in Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019. As at 30 June 2019, 15% of females and 6% of males were serving sentences of less than 12 months. In 2019, 50% of female offenders who were sentenced to custody received sentences of up to and including 3 months, compared to 31% of males and these proportions have been decreasing for both female and male offenders over the last 5 years. In the most recent year, the CPS and MoJ had the highest proportions of senior staff who were female at 57% and 51%, respectively; these were the only organisations where the representation of females in senior positions was higher than that of males. For example, an offender who had a conviction or caution outside England and Wales and was arrested by a police force in England and Wales would be counted as a first time offender. Similar proportions are seen in convictions. , See the Criminal justice statistics outcomes by offence data tool in Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019 to obtain all statistics on prosecutions, convictions and sentencing quoted in this chapter. The representation of females among HMPPS staff (excluding NPS)[footnote 122] has increased over the last five years, from 39% to 42%. Figure 5.02: Individuals dealt with formally by the CJS, by sex, 2015 to 2019. Male children reported a significantly higher proportion of being a victim of a CSEW crime at 9.0%, compared to 4.0% of females[footnote 7][footnote 8]. , Domestic abuse is made up of partner or family non-physical abuse, threats, force, sexual assault or stalking. A consistently lower proportion of female defendants entered a guilty plea over the last 5 years, at 66% in 2019 compared to 71% of male defendants. , A single individual (includes people and companies) can be counted more than once in a year if they are dealt with by the CJS on more than one occasion. The statistics reported in this bulletin are primarily National Statistics[footnote 1], as drawn from either other published National Statistics bulletins or the data underpinning them. In the Crown Court, 90% of crime higher legal aid work related to male clients. 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to C, including English & Maths. When comparing sentencing outcomes for male and female offenders, a consistently larger proportion of male offenders receive custodial sentences whereas larger proportions of female offenders receive community sentences or a conditional discharge. Monthly statistics on the population in custody of children and young people within secure children's homes (SCHs), secure training centres (STCs) and young offender institutions (YOIs).. If we become concerned about whether these statistics are still meeting the appropriate standards, we will discuss any concerns with the Authority promptly. , Source: GCSE and equivalent attainment by pupil characteristics: 2014 - National and local authority tables: Table 1, Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England: 2014 to 2015 (revised) Characteristics national tables: Table CH1: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils and the end of key stage 4 by pupil characteristics. The proportion of young offenders with SEN without a statement across each disposal (except fine) was slightly higher for young female offenders, particularly for custodial sentences. 106 Divorce Statistics You Can't Ignore: 2023 Divorce Rates and Impact In 2019, fines were the most common sentence given to both male and female offenders sentenced at all courts, but females typically had less severe sentencing outcomes. And while a bias against men in child custody cases has been around for decades, let's explain why this is happening from a legal perspective. This chapter looks at the interaction between sex and other key characteristics throughout the Criminal Justice System including, ethnicity, age, offending history, and reoffending. Cannabis warnings and community resolutions will not be considered when looking at out of court disposals because they are not recorded by sex. This was driven by a decrease in prevalence of indecent exposure and unwanted touching, and rape excluding attempts. Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. , Statistics used are from the CSEW 2019/20 unless stated otherwise; when differences are not referred to as statistically significant these are either not statistically significantly different, or differences have not been tested. In 2019, 13% of females were cautioned or convicted as first time offenders for theft offences, compared with 7% of males. In 2018, the Ministry of Justice published the Female Offender Strategy, which sets out the departments vision and plan to improve outcomes for women in the community and custody. It is important to note that the number of female children receiving custodial sentences was lower than males (approximately 50 females compared to 1,100 males). The most common sentence for indictable benefit fraud offences was a community sentence, received by 51% of females and 53% of males sentenced in 2019. Violent crime was reported by a higher proportion of males (2.1%) than females (1.4%) in 2018/19. A first time offender is an offender who has been arrested by police in England or Wales; and who has received a first conviction, caution or youth caution for any offence[footnote 87] recorded on the Police National Computer. Well send you a link to a feedback form. Among children, 7.9% of males reported crimes against the person in 2019/20, significantly more than females did (3.7%). Offenders with 15 or more previous cautions or convictions. Youth custody report for July 2014 published. , PSRs provide information to the court about the offender and any circumstances surrounding the offence, to help decide on a suitable sentence. , Figures from this paragraph are sourced from the data underpinning the Criminal Court Statistics (annual): January to March 2020 bulletin. First time offenders accounted for 24% of offenders who were cautioned or convicted In England and Wales in 2019, of which 78% were male and 22% females[footnote 88]. Where a source is not National Statistics, users should consider this when making judgements about the weight that can be put on related findings. Key Child Custody Statistics 2023 Approximately 29% of child custody decisions are made without mediators or court hearings. Report on Custodial Mothers and Fathers and Their Child Support The proportion of adults who experienced violent crime generally decreased with increasing age. The disposal where there was the greatest difference between genders was for fines. Figure 7.08: Proportion of young offenders who finished Key Stage 4 in either 2013/14 or 2014/15 that achieved 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G by gender and disposal category[footnote 98] (Source: Table 7.1). It draws upon published extracts of human resources records for the police (2019/20), Ministry of Justice (MoJ; 2018/19), Crown Prosecution Service (CPS; 2018/19), Her Majestys Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS; 2019/20), magistracy[footnote 119] and judiciary[footnote 120]. This total includes exclusions from previous schools covered by the exclusion legislation.] There is a glossary that explains the definition of each disposal in the technical guide, along with a summary of the data share. In comparison, 21,500 males were remanded in custody at the Crown Court for indictable offences: 72% of these were White, 14% were Black, 7% were Asian, 4% were Mixed and 2% were Chinese and Other. Over the last 5 years, the number of individual formally dealt with has decreased but the proportions have remained constant. Youth custody data for July 2015 published.
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