rembrandt etching value

A wonderfully elegant example of the artists work, the so-called Queen of Flowers B known only in this one impression was sold at Christies in London in 2006. to An oil painting by Ivan Jensen on canvas measuring 30 inches wide by 40 inches tall is stunning and rare. Later impressions (1800) go down in value to $600. After each printing, he allowed the ink to run on the plates for a few minutes before adding the contrasts and tones he desired. Finding the perfect Old Masters, Contemporary or Modern examples of these works for your space is difficult today, we have a vast range of variations and more on offer. Free shipping for many products! This kind of mind was scientific, categorical and rational. Bartsch. The Hundred Guilder Print depicts a distinct turning point in Rembrandts artistic style, contributing to the historical importance of this remarkable Rembrandt etching. A new show of prints shows just how important Victor Pasmore was to the evolution of British art in the late twentieth century. He discovered his true calling as an artist in 1620 when he studied under Italian-trained painter Jacob Isaacsz van Swanenburg. Watermarks, along with the grid of wires called chain and laid lines that make up . After Rembrandt van Rijn (1606 - 1669), The Gold Weigher, etching and drypoint on laid paper, possibly published in the 18th century by Captain William Baillie, 24 x 20.5 cm, hinge mounted on to card, unframed; and After Albrecht Drer (1471 - 1528), Knight, Death and the Devil, engraving on paper, 24 x 19 cm, mounted at the corners on to card . The Lavement des Pieds is an original artwork created by Lopold Flameng in the second half of the xx century. Rembrandt is considered one of the most important artists of the Dutch Golden Age, and his etchings are highly prized by collectors. These sources are used in the descriptions of each etching in Park West, and they are used throughout the art world in general. van Vliet after Rembrandt 1634 Original etching of a man with his hands raised. . How did these respective techniques develop over time? Each etching is based on a state, and the most recent publication included photographs of each state. New York: Dover, 1994. Get the best deals on Rembrandt van Rijn Art Prints when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. On April 9, the Kruizenga Art Museum opened a focused exhibition of etchings by the 17 th-century Dutch master Rembrandt van Rijn that includes eight poignant scenes from the life of Christ.These beautiful images may inspire special contemplation as we prepare to celebrate the Easter Season, but their broader . Unlike most Dutch artists of the time, who worked in fairly narrow fields, Rembrandt depicted a range of subjects; portraits, beggars, landscapes, and biblical subjects are commonly conveyed in Rembrandts etchings. As the buyer, you should be aware of possible: Because of their unique process and the skill required to create them, etchings are generally more expensive than other forms of prints. . The combination of various states of Rembrandts prints, as well as his distinct printing techniques, created a sense of uniqueness in a method known for its high quality and mass production qualities. Self portrait in a flat cap and embroidered dress, The boat house [Grotto with a brook; Het spelonkje], Cottages and farm buildings with a man sketching, Nude man seated on the ground with one leg extended, A young man seated and standing [The walking trainer], Ephraim Bonus, Jewish physician [1599-1655], Jan Asselyn, painter [Crabbetje; 1610-52], Medea: or the marriage of Jason and Creusa, Pharisees in the Temple [Jews in the synagogue], Beggars receiving alms at the door of a house, Landscape with three gabled cottages beside a road, Canal with a large boat and bridge [Het schuytje op de voorgrondt], Clement de Jonghe, printseller [1624/25-77], Sheet of studies with the head of the artist, a beggar woman, woman and child, Landscape with trees, farm buildings and a tower, Christ disputing with the doctors: a sketch, Landscape with a hay barn and a flock of sheep, The adoration of the shepherds: a night piece, The Virgin with the instruments of the passion, Landscape with a fisherman [Het melkboertje], Christ crucified between the two thieves [Three crosses], The rest on the flight: altered from Seghers, Landscape with a shepherd and a dog [Het jagertje], St. Jerome reading in an Italian landscape, Christ returning from the Temple with his parents, The Virgin and the child with the cat and snake, The adoration of the shepherds: with the lamp, The presentation in the Temple in the dark manner, Pieter Haaringh [Young Haaringh; 1609-85], Thomas Haaringh [Old Haaringh; died 1660], Christ and the woman of Samaria: an arched print, Woman sitting half dressed beside a stove, Seated naked woman with a hat beside her [Woman at the bath], Seated naked woman [Woman bathing her feet at a brook], Lieven Willemsz van Coppenol, writing-master: the larger plate, Peter and John healing the cripple at the gate of the Temple, The woman with the arrow [Venus and Cupid? When ink is applied to damp paper by pressing it against a metal plate, an outline of the metal plates outer edges is created. Rembrandt etchings and prints available on 1stDibs span a range of colors that includes gray, beige, black, white and more. 220 Hamilton Ave, However, their value also depends on the popularity of the artist and the edition size. The etching process is similar to drawing on a sheet of paper. A watermarked paper etching depicts the interior of a Synagoge as people gather around. Reflections on Rembrandt Eames Fine Art. Despite the formation of the Rembrandt Research Project in 1968, there is little universal consensus on all of the Dutch master's works. Hendrik was a great admirer of art and architecture and was very impressed with Rembrandts etchings and paintings. In light of continuing developments in scholarship, connoisseurship, and the technical analysis of works of art authentication, we expect to see a significant rise in the number of new paintings attributed to Rembrandt in the next decade, especially as the findings of the Rembrandt Research Project are reconsidered. It is rare to see true etchings, which are printed with the artists pencil and signed on the back. If you are lucky enough to find one of Rembrandts original etchings for sale, it would be a wise investment to purchase it. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Elizabeth Stewart, PhD. Its also possible to see if an impression was made during Rembrandts lifetime or if it was made posthumously. Rembrandts prints highlight his great range as a printmaker and his universal appeal as an artist. Valuable Rembrandt prints do not only have to be from the 1600s (during Rembrandt's lifetime). $495.00. In 1630, Rembrandt moved back to Amsterdam and married Saskia Uylenburgh, the daughter of a prominent art dealer. The prices for these paintings can vary greatly, depending on the paintings size, age, condition, and popularity. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Sell Rembrandt artwork with us. The natural pattern of the marble is covered by an extra layer of engraving. From portraits to biblical scenes, Rembrandt captures the triumphs and tragedies of humanity with incredibly vivid and detailed portrayals. IFAR has an online database of published catalogue raisonne. Without these (mostly) unknown scholars working for years, the art worlds auctions would grind to a halt. or Best Offer. A limited edition print by a well-known artist can sell for thousands of dollars, while a mass-produced print may only be worth a few dollars. ; 1610-53], Bearded man in a velvet cap with a jewel clasp, The little Jewish bride [Saskia as St. Catherine], Death appearing to a wedded couple from an open grave, A peasant in a high cap, standing leaning on a stick, Jan Uytenbogaert, [1606-84; The goldweigher], Simeon's hymn of praise [The presentation in the Temple: oblong print], Small gray landscape: a house and trees beside a pool, Sheet with two studies: a tree, and the upper part of a head of the artist wearing a velvet cap, The angel departing from the family of Tobias, Three oriental figures [Jacob and Laban? From 1634-1641, Rembrandt and Saskia had 3 children, all of whom died in infancy. So in 1978, The Illustrated Bartsch was established to include illustrations and new print works since attributed to Rembrandt. The method of etching became most popular in the 17th and 18th centuries when artists such as Rembrandt and Piranesi expanded the art form to great . From the 17thcentury onwards, print collectors and dealers tended to mark their holdings with inscriptions and little stamps, usually on the reverse of the sheets. Of course, original etchings have the highest value. The bottom of one reads The Schoolmaster Nr. Etchings are usually more detailed and have a greater range of tones than other forms of printmaking, such as lithography. If T.M. After the artist has removed the ground with an etching needle, the sheet is placed in an acid bath to finish. When a layer of extra marks is applied to the metal plate, it floats over the natural pattern of the marble. Passepartput: cm 28-2919, and measurement: cm 4934. The vast majority of Rembrandt etchings sold worldwide are posthumous impressions created at least a century after his death. Framed Etching - 7 Watchers $5,300. First and foremost it is a question of quality of how strong, clear and rich the image appears. Sheet 60 x 51 mm. Renowned for his empathy for the human condition, Rembrandt captured a certain truth about the human experience, particularly in his etchings. The Master of the Playing Cards (active circa 1435-55), The Queen of Flowers B (Geisberg 48.51; Lehrs 49), c. 1435-40. . Even centuries after his lifetime, Rembrandt's etchings are still considered some of the finest examples of the medium. They never have the richness, or details, or subtleties of the lifetime impressions. ], Woman at a door hatch talking to a man and children [The Schoolmaster], Landscape with a cottage and haybarn: oblong, Landscape with a cottage and a large tree, Christ crucified between the two thieves: an oval plate, Sick woman with a large white headdress [Saskia]. There are also many other extremely fine examples of etchings made by Rembrandt in the spring auction, including the very scarce self-portrait in costume, as Rembrandt frequently . The image of Rembrandts mother is etched on ivory-colored paper. Etchings (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991: an excellent introduction ot the art and business of printing etchings in Rembrandt's studio published apart from the remainder of the 2-volume set on Rembrandt's paintings, drawings, and etchings published by Yale and the National Gallery of London), and G. W. Nowell-Usticke, Rembrandt's . From 1642 1646, he expanded his school and took on more students, including artists Samuel van Hoogstraten and Karel Fabritius. Furthermore, etching is widely signed, making it an important authentication tool. Free shipping for many products! If you believe you have a work by Rembrandt-paintings, drawing, or etching-we are prepared to evaluate it for you. In his most confident self-portrait etching, Rembrandt portrayed himself in the manner of a Renaissance courtier. T.M.s prints have some value, but not the value of an Old Master 1640 etching that can go for $6,000. or Best Offer. Born in Leiden in 1606, Rembrandt was to become the most important artist of the Dutch Golden Age. So, if you come across an old Rembrandt print, its definitely worth taking a closer look at! Engraving printed from two plates on laid paper. The etching closest to you is by James Whistler, and that dates from around 1863. Many of the most well-known artists in this medium have worked with it, including Rembrandt, Whistler, and Picasso. ETCHING PRINT 17TH CT Signed C . Dutch artist Rembrandt Van Rijn established the most advanced etching technique. Find artist info, artworks for sale, and past pricing data from our auction archives. Oftentimes Rembrandt conveyed his subjects with downcast eyes, as if captured in a moment of private contemplation, adding an introspective and personal quality to his etched portraits. An etching is a work of art that is created by using a needle or other sharp object to carve lines into a metal plate. In the early days, the woodblock or engraved plate would simply be pressed onto or rubbed against the paper by hand processes which would quite quickly be replaced by the use of printing presses. ], Man wearing a close cap: bust [The artist's father? International specialist Tim Schmelcher on the evolution of a field in which a work by Drer or Rembrandt, with estimates from around $500, can represent exceptional value. But some go from this early misstep to develop their print knowledge and connoisseurship. Impressions printed decades or even centuries later would be printed on different papers with other watermarks. Rembrandts prints, particularly Rembrandts etchings, had a profound impact on the history of art. B 270, Beggas at the door of a house Est. Independent of market fluctuations, this helps explain why one . This happened, possibly simultaneously, in central Italy and around the Upper Rhine, in a region that is today Alsace, in southwest Germany and in Switzerland, in the workshops of gold- and silversmiths. Ancient and unique forms of art, etching is used to depict scenes from history or mythology. Rembrandt van Rijn. In particular, Rembrandt Experts anticipate new attributions in paintings and drawings, the two areas of the master's output that remain the most contested among scholars and connoisseurs. In our inventory, we sell items for an average of $8,256. As reproduction techniques evolved over the centuries, Rembrandt's and other artists' works were distributed in a . The process has its roots in the armorers trade, but it was eventually used to mass produce images on paper. "The Golf Player" (1654), Rembrandt Van Rijn. The value of etchings varies greatly, with no single standard that can be used to determine their worth. Expert's Assistant: Some old shoes of my mother's. They'd been handed down and were real 1920's dancing shoes. How can one determine the time a print was made? It is no coincidence that Martin Schongauer (c.1448-91), the very first northern engraver known to us by name, came from Colmar in Alsace, and was born into a family of goldsmiths. Did Rembrandt print his own etchings? Etching 3 1/2 x 2 1/2" 1646 Edition: State II/II . About Rembrandt Etchings. Self-Portrait Etching at a Window. Sheet of studies, with a woman lying ill in bed, etc. Fine-art prints are typically limited editions of 20, 30 or 50 copies. Rembrandt Etching Laid Paper Bearded Man in a Velvet Cap with a Jewel Clasp. The artists aesthetic is determined by the piece. At the time of Basan's death in 1797, Rembrandt's copper etching plates were inherited by his son, Henri Louis Basan, who published a limited second recueil. The youngest son of at least ten children, Rembrandt was not expected to carry on his father's business. But sometimes cataloguers include states made after Rembrandts death, and if Rembrandt only made one state and never changed the plate, a print called a first state of two or three could be either lifetime or posthumous this can become a matter of judgement and connoisseurship. Vintage prints by renowned artists, rare prints in good condition, and old prints in good condition are all potential gold mines. Self-portrait prints are among the earliest that Rembrandt produced. It was at this time that Rembrandt went into debt, largely due to poor bookkeeping and his knack for collecting old prints, drawings, albums, curios, and other art objects. European etchings by an unknown artist typically cost between $50 and $200. Rembrandt Harmensz. There is no clear answer to this and it very much depends on the quality and depth of the cutting or engraving. Copyright document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) - All Rights Reserved - Rembrandt Experts. This is a very fine, early impression of this famous and important print of 1514. How many good impressions of any one print could be pulled? A certified art appraiser is responsible for determining the authenticity and value of works of art, such as etchings. 78; H. 270), estimated . Shortly after, he decided to add a window to the background of the plate, and printed some additional impressions. Rembrandts early etched landscape scenes typically focus on a detailed foreground placed against a delicately suggested horizon, while his later etched landscape scenes convey more detailed backgrounds, often including imaginary elements such as mountains or exotic buildings. Theres a fancy word for thinking about the things of the world this way: a taxonomy. Roma is a city in the Italian Republic. It is one of the most important works in Dutch art history, and it has been translated into many languages. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 1877 Fine Art Antique Print - CHRIST BEFORE PILATE Etching Rembrandt (258) at the best online prices at eBay! LONDON (Reuters) - A Rembrandt painting unseen in public for nearly 40 years sold for a record 20.2 million pounds ($33.2 million) at auction in London on Tuesday, the highest ever paid at auction for the 17th century artist. The term refers to any printed image, irrespective of the printing technique employed, that was created over a period of more than 600 years, from the beginning of printmaking in Europe to the end of the 18thcentury or early 19th century. Sheet of studies: head of the artist, a beggar couple, heads of an old man and woman, etc. Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-Portrait in a Velvet Cap with Plume, 1638, etching on laid paper, Rosenwald Collection, 1943.3.7201 Rembrandt's self-portraits in the National Gallery of Art collection Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-Portrait Drawing at a Window , 1648, etching, drypoint, and burin, Rosenwald Collection, 1943.3.7134 These worthy tomes include the artists bibliographies, titles, sizes; dates of the work and reproductions; and who has owned the work. If youre looking for an original rembrandt from a specific time period, our collection is diverse and wide-ranging. Rembrandt etchings and drypoints, were made working on copper plates, creating ink-holding furrows in these plates either directly (using a drypoint needle) or with etching (drawing through a wax-like substance covering a plate, then bathing the plate in acid to create furrows). Because the process is not photographic and there is no printing press, there are no dots in the image. Each time a print is made, the copper plate wears down a bit. We have every intention to create collaborative art that works towards healing and strengthening a total transformation of the cultural landscape of our city and our world. This means that you could have a Rembrandt print from the 1800s that is still worth a lot of money. Rembrandt was born Rembrant Harmenszoon van Rijn in 1606, though he is now generally referred to as simply Rembrandt. Free shipping. Some historical collections are famous among the cognoscenti for their quality and size. Rembrandt etchings are available for sale in a variety of styles and colors on 1stDerivs. x 14 inWidth: 8 1/4 in.6 3/8 in. The paper is then laid down and passes through the etching press after that. . While his landscape etchings range from quick sketches to detailed studies of nature and mans relationship to his environment, most of his etched landscapes depict locations in or nearby Amsterdam. The painting presents the ultimate conundrum for assessing its value: It was purchased in 1958 for 45 and sold in 2017 for $450 million. Please check and try again. An abstract, floral, or perhaps even simple figurative ornament would be carved into a wooden block. Bartsch developed this system, and numbered image upon image of Old Master prints. Issues of workshop attributions or the help of assistants in certain paintings further complicates the issue, and the authorship of several well-known paintings, such the David and Jonathan (1642; The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg), remains disputed. Limited Edition Print: Etching on Ingres D'arches Off-White Laid Paper. She tells me they have been matted and framed, and perhaps cut, so the value is $50 or less per print. That number determined the true value of the piece. Bartsch listed according to subject matter, or genre. International specialist Tim Schmelcher charts the evolution of a field in which works by the likes of Daumier or Rembrandt can offer exceptional value. Another practical application of the new technique was the printing of playing cards indeed, the first recognisable (although anonymous) artist of this new medium is known as The Master of the Playing Cards. School of Rembrandt Harmensz. London, 1923, cat. Getting Started With Picasso: The Image Downloading And Caching Library For Android, The End Of Picasa: Why Google Is Shutting Down The App. Rembrandt was fascinated by the biblical stories and their ability to capture the plight of the human spirit. He printed impressions personally, often varying the inks, the paper, the wiping (how much and how selectively he wiped the ink off the plate before printing), and of course made different states. The following is a list of etchings by the Dutch painter and etcher Rembrandt, with the catalogue numbers of Adam Bartsch. Traditionally (and still) considered nearly valueless by reputable dealers, Rembrandt etchings restrikes now enjoy a new life on the market, largely due to the presence of huge numbers of internet buyers eager to obtain a real Rembrandt print. Rembrandts rare ability capture the unique physical and emotional characteristics of his subjects is also noteworthy in this astounding Rembrandt etching. Though such exceptional works are a rarity they are a testament to the continued interest in and value of Rembrandt's etchings. He is known for his masterful use of light and shadow, and his etchings are some of the most beautiful and evocative works of art ever created. Rembrandt, deemed "The Master Etcher" by art historians, needs no introduction. A 20th/21st Century impression from the "Millennium Collection," printed by master printer Marjorie Van Dyke. ], Bust of an old man with a flowing beard, the head bowed forward, the left shoulder unshaded, Self portrait with curly hair and white collar, Man in a coat and fur cap leaning against a bank, Old man in a long cloak sitting in an armchair, Ragged peasant with his hands behind him, holding a stick, Beggar seated warming his hands at a chafing dish, Self portrait in a cloak with a falling collar: bust, Self portrait in a soft hat and embroidered cloak, Old woman seated in a cottage with a string of onions on the wall, A polander standing with his stick: right profile, Bust of an old bearded man, looking down, three-quarters right, Bearded man, in a furred oriental cap and robe [The artist's father? 30 Years experience | (805) 895.5005 | elizabethappraisals@gmail.com, T.M. Rembrandts scenes of ordinary people going about their everyday lives were inspired by his own observations and sketches of the world around him. Triple Portrait with Lady Fainting, a 1970s oil on board, was sold by Bloomfield, New Jersey auction house Nye and Company. Generally speaking, the finer the grid of the paper, the earlier it is. The works of the great graphic visionary Francisco de Goya (1746-1828), who has been described as the last Old Master and the first modern artist, serve as a useful, if somewhat arbitrary end point. Rembrandts life was riddled with extreme highs and lows, yet he remains one of the most accomplished artists of all time. Antique engravings are highly sought after, despite the fact that they are prints rather than paintings. 24 0 bids. An adviser to the Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen, he formed the collection of the Albertina in Vienna. Rembrandt Artists Pastells by Sylvia Spicuzza is an American contemporary pastel drawing. This is the question. Some of the most well-known etching artists include Rembrandt, Whistler, and Picasso. There are a few things that can make prints extremely valuable. Rembrandt's free use of line, the unique deep black of many of his etchings and his masterly use of the drypoint were very popular and his work was much sought after by the many print collectors of the time. If you want to see just how painstakingly detailed these are, go to the International Foundation for Art Research (www.ifar.org) and plug in a famous artists name. One of only two known portraits of two people by Rembrandt, Portrait of Maerten Soolmans and Portrait of Oopjen Coppit, depicts Maerten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit. One of the cheapest Rembrandt paintings is The Unconscious Patient (Allegory of Smell), which was sold for $2.3 million in 2006. Christ presented to the people: the oblong plate, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_etchings_by_Rembrandt&oldid=1118822887, The artist's mother: head only, full face, The artist's mother: head and bust, three-quarters right, Self portrait, leaning forward, listening, Self portrait bareheaded, with high curly hair: head and bust, Self portrait bare-headed: bust, roughly etched, A beggar in a tall hat and long cloak, with a cottage and two figures in the background, Self portrait in a fur cap, in an oval border, Peter and John at the gate of the Temple: roughly etched, Beggar in a high cap, standing and leaning on a stick, Beggar with a crippled hand leaning on a stick, Self portrait open-mouthed, as if shouting: bust, Simeon's hymn of praise [The presentation in the Temple with the angel: the small plate], Christ disputing with the doctors: small plate, Bald-headed man in right profile [The artist's father? ; Signed; . Following Rembrandt's passing in 1669, his remaining copper etching plates virtually stayed intact . What is so special about the B moniker is that Bartsch thought in categories about etchings and engravings, and his system of categories is still used today. 68.101.i. Sothebys auctioned off a painting from the 1970s that was on public view for the first time in 44 years in London. Lifetime impressions are very rare and cost far more than virtually everyone can afford to pay for fine art. A portrait print of Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg engraved by Drer himself in 1523, on the other hand, gives us a rare indication of the numbers of impressions printed and the prices paid. A signature on a print or fake typically indicates that it is genuine. It's an etching by Rembrandt, it's "Christ Before Pilate," and he started this large etching in 1635. . One scholar spends most of his/her life tracking down one aspect of one artists work and makes copious lists; these lists are critical tools in assessing the authenticity, provenance and attribution of that artists oeuvre. Rembrandt Etching - Self Portrait w/Saskia, From Original Copper plate c. 1636. Even among the lifetime impressions, some are especially beautiful or striking, some less so. An etching made using a metal plate was a method preferred by artists such as Rembrandt, according to the Fine Art Advocacy. The Rembrandt House Museum owns an almost complete collection of Rembrandt's world-famous etchings. read more The Court of Appeal of 1684 ruled in favor of the Court of Appeal of 1684 in the case of the Circoncision of 1664. Light Diffusers and custom-designed Fiberglass lampshades with fiberglass frames. To demonstrate just how valuable etchings can be, a Rembrandt etching can sell for $5,000 to $150,000 USD. Between 1626 and 1665, Rembrandt created 300 etchings and drypoints. van Rijn (Dutch (active Leiden and Amsterdam), 1606-1669) Formerly attributed to Rembrandt Harmensz. From this method, it was only a small step to cutting a stand-alone image into the block, which could then be printed onto cloth, vellum or, with the establishment of the first paper mills in Europe around this time, paper. The artist covers the metal with resin or a substance of similar consistency. $20.00 shipping. . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ). This month, 1st Dibs exclusively features two rare Ivan Jensens. Over the span of his career, Rembrandt influenced scores, to even several impressions from a significant number of his roughly 290 plates. At Seaside Art Gallery, you can find the perfect piece of art. Few artists' oeuvres have undergone the shifting critical fortunes as that of Rembrandt van Rijn. It belonged to King Friedrich Augustus II of Saxony. Required fields are marked *. However, with the B written there, they are at least post-Bartschs category system of the early 19th century. SPONSORED. Rembrandt utilized dramatic lighting and was a master of chiaroscuro, or the use of strong contrasts between light and dark. To be able to trace a print back to one or perhaps several such celebrated collections ennobles the print and raises its value, giving the owner or potential buyer the confidence that it is indeed a fine and important example. Printing quality, however, is a matter of judgment and experience, and therefore subjective. Cir. Showing Is from a famous artist. Rembrandt held a particular fascination for beggars a fact evidenced by the many depictions of them as destitute, elderly, injured, or sick within Rembrandts etchings. Historical Description. We will research its value and popularity for you. In some cases the early states of the prints are well documented, so if its clear that Rembrandt himself made changes to a plate, an early state would definitely be a lifetime impression.

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