Yet, his legacy is not without controversy. Scholfield found a time of 11:06am (no source given) in "In aller Welt . By the 1950s, 3 unpaid physicians, 7 nurses and 13 volunteer aides staffed the Schweitzer Hospital. He planned to spread the Gospel by the example of his Christian labour of healing, rather than through the verbal process of preaching, and believed that this service should be acceptable within any branch of Christian teaching. That same year he resigned his curateship and his posts at the university and married Helene Bresslau, the daughter of a well-known Strasbourg historian. Schweitzer based his interpretation on his profound knowledge of personality, education, religious and social life of Bach. In 1899, Schweitzer became a deacon at the church of Saint Nicholas in Strasbourg. Turning to Bach's nonchurch music, Schweitzer said: "The Brandenburg concertos are the purest product of Bach's polyphonic style. He was known especially for founding the Schweitzer Hospital, which provided unprecedented medical care for the natives of Lambarn in Gabon. The onset of famine and a dysentery epidemic created fresh problems. Albert entered the Kaiser Wilhelm University of Strasbourg at age 18. He is a figure designed by rationalism, endowed with life by liberalism, and clothed by modern theology in a historical garb. Paul stands high above primitive mysticism, due to his intellectual writings, but never speaks of being one with God or being in God. Christ-mysticism holds the field until God-mysticism becomes possible, which is in the near future. Thank you. Schweitzer writes: The Jesus of Nazareth who came forward publicly as the Messiah, who preached the ethic of the kingdom of God, who founded the kingdom of heaven upon earth and died to give his work its final consecration never existed. [69] By comparison, his English contemporary Albert Ruskin Cook in Uganda had been training nurses and midwives since the 1910s, and had published a manual of midwifery in the local language of Luganda. [59] In 1917, exhausted by over four years' work and by tropical anaemia, they were taken to Bordeaux and interned first in Garaison and then from March 1918 in Saint-Rmy-de-Provence. In this respect, he was undoubtedly made more of by cultists than he was willing to make of himself, although he was by no means a man with a weak ego. Among his many charitable works, Dr. Schweitzer founded a hospital in Lambarn, which was situated in what was then known as French Equatorial Africa, and is today the capital of the province of Moyen-Ogoou in the nation of Gabon. Schweitzer's ethical system, elucidated at length in "The Philosophy of Civilization," is boundless in its domain and in its demands. If all this oppression and all this sin and shame are perpetrated under the eye of the German God, or the American God, or the British God, and if our states do not feel obliged first to lay aside their claim to be 'Christian'then the name of Jesus is blasphemed and made a mockery. that the work of Bach owes its greatness.". Trensz conducted experiments showing that the non-amoebic strain of dysentery was caused by a paracholera vibrion (facultative anaerobic bacteria). You Love Will Happiness. In 1906, he published Geschichte der Leben-Jesu-Forschung [History of Life-of-Jesus research]. [13][14][15][16] He published his PhD thesis at the University of Tbingen in 1899. to the church to play Bach. Albert Schweitzer was born in a small town in France in 1875 and he passed away in Gabon, Africa in 1965 after a rich and illustrious career. "In your commitment to truth and service," the President cabled, "you have touched and deepened the live of millions you have never met. For all his self-abnegation, Schweitzer had a bristly character, at least in his later years, a formidable sense of his own importance to Lambarene and a do-good paternalism toward Africans that smacked more of the 19th than the 20th century. were quite familiar with the businesslike and sometimes grumpy and brusque Schweitzer in a solar hat who hurried along the construction of a building by gingering up the native craftsmen with a sharp: "Allez-vous OPP! In a telegram that Mrs. Eckert sent to them from here Saturday, she said: "He is dying, inevitably and soon. Photo by Rolls Press/Popperfoto/Getty Images. Albert Schweitzer Occupation: Doctor Place Of Birth: France Date Of Birth: January14, 1875 Date Of Death: September 4, 1965 Cause Of Death: N/A Ethnicity: White Nationality: French Albert Schweitzer was born on the 14th of January, 1875. [13][16], Schweitzer rapidly gained prominence as a musical scholar and organist, dedicated also to the rescue, restoration and study of historic pipe organs. in Greek, chapters that contain Jesus' injunctions to His apostles, among them the one that commands, "Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, cast out devils: freely ye have The Bach titles were mainly distributed as follows: Later recordings were made at Parish church, Gnsbach: These recordings were made by C. Robert Fine during the time Dr. Schweitzer was being filmed in Gnsbach for the documentary "Albert Schweitzer". Oh, this 'noble' culture of ours! His philosophy, he often stated, was built upon the principle of a reverence for life and the religious and ethical imperatives of helping others. Then, working as medical assistant and assistant-pastor in Strasbourg, he advanced his project on the philosophy of civilization, which had occupied his mind since 1900. Now I had my way to the idea in which world [affirmation] and life-affirmation and ethics are contained He was also appointed organist for the Bach Concerts of the Orfo Catal at Barcelona, Spain, and often travelled there for that purpose. On 23 April 1957, Schweitzer made his "Declaration of Conscience" speech; it was broadcast to the world over Radio Oslo, pleading for the abolition of nuclear weapons. Ara Paul Barsam (2002) "Albert Schweitzer, jainism and reverence for life" in: Albert Schweitzer and Charles Rhind Joy (1947). Albert Schweitzer. Schweitzer claims that this form of mysticism is more intellectual and can be found "among the Brahmans and in the Buddha, in Platonism, in Stoicism, in Spinoza, Schopenhauer, and Hegel".[42]. His father and both grandfathers were pastors and organists. Schweitzer explains that Paul focused on the idea of fellowship with the divine being through the "realistic" dying and rising with Christ rather than the "symbolic" Hellenistic act of becoming like Christ through deification. In 1917, the Schweitzers were returned to France and later to Alsace. He was popular for being a Doctor. He sought to exemplify the idea that man, through good works, can be in the world and in God at one and the same time. Fine originally self-released the recordings but later licensed the masters to Columbia. Ethics themselves proceed from the need to respect the wish of other beings to exist as one does towards oneself. Everything was heavily decayed, and building and doctoring progressed together for months. brought to a halt lest nests of ants be killed or disturbed. Their home in Knigsfeld has now been turned into a museum. He was 90 years old. He is the director of the Center for the History of Medicine and the George E. Wantz Distinguished Professor of the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan. "In reality, that which is eternal in the words of Jesus is due to the very fact that they are based on an eschatological world-view, and contain the expression of a mind Here is all you want to know, and more! Schweitzer's recordings of organ-music, and his innovative recording technique, are described below. 1952. prize money. '", "The iron door has yielded," he went on, "the path in the thicket had become visible. [10], From 1893 Schweitzer studied Protestant theology at the Kaiser Wilhelm University in Strasbourg. During his compulsory military service in 1894, Schweitzer had an epiphany of sorts while reading the Book of Matthew, Chapters 10 and 11 (in Greek, no less). The grave, on the banks of the Ogooue River, is marked by a cross he made himself. Rachel Carson, 1963 Speech in Rachel Carson: Silent Spring & Other Writings on the Environment; Few authors in modern times can be said to have redirected the course of an entire field of study. a herd of hippopotamuses. Never say there is nothing beautiful in the world anymore. [73], Such was the theory which Schweitzer sought to put into practice in his own life. Edward Albert Heimberger (April 22, 1906 - May 26, 2005) was an American actor and activist. chief force of the famous hospital at Lambarene, in Gabon, the former French Equatorial Africa. Hailed as an outstanding world figure, Schweitzer was. [23] He also corresponded with composer Clara Faisst, who became a good friend.[24]. " One person can and does make a difference. Everyone can have their own Lambarn". . ~ Albert Schweitzer. A jungle saint he may not have been; a jungle pioneer he surely was. Life, Grief, Bad Ass. In June of 1912, he married Helene Bresslau (the daughter of a professor of history at Strasbourg). He had scratched it out from the jungle beginning in 1913; he had designed it; He was theologian, musicologist, organ technician, physician and surgeon, missionary, philosopher of ethics, lecturer, writer and the builder and Albert Schweitzer The Nobel Peace Prize 1952 Born: 14 January 1875, Kaysersberg, Germany (now France) Died: 4 September 1965, Lambarn, Gabon Residence at the time of the award: France Role: Missionary surgeon, Founder of Lambarn (Rpublique de Gabon) O'Brian returned to the United States and founded the Hugh O'Brian Youth Leadership Foundation (HOBY). the faculty at Strasbourg; wrote "The Mystery of the Kingdom of God"; and, at Widor's urging, completed a study of the life and art of Johann Sebastian Bach. In 1923, the family moved to Knigsfeld im Schwarzwald, Baden-Wrttemberg, where he was building a house for the family. Some of his more ardent admirers insisted that he was a jungle saint, even a modern Christ. Allez-vous, OPP-opp. To me, Dr. Schweitzer is the one truly great individuals our modern times have produced. Instead, he seemed to many observers to be a simple, almost rustic man, who dressed in rumpled clothing, suffered fools gladly, stated fundamental verities patiently and paternally In the almost eight years of his absence, the jungle had reclaimed the hospital grounds, and the buildings had to be rebuilt. Agriculture, not science or industrialization, is their greatest need. Today, the hospital On an afternoon, Schweitzer could often be seen leaving his home to slip over its creature comforts yet rejecting its complacent attitudes toward progress. 4 September 1965. [62], The poor conditions of the hospital in Lambarn were also famously criticized by Nigerian professor and novelist Chinua Achebe in his essay on Joseph Conrad's novel Heart of Darkness: "In a comment which has often been quoted Schweitzer says: 'The African is indeed my brother but my junior brother.' Darrell. Schweitzer continued to work tirelessly to promote a life-affirming society until his death in 1965, at the age of 90. "He is a figure A famous charitable institution in Africa, the Albert Schweitzer hospital in Gabon, is nearing its hundredth birthday. If Schweitzer was thin-skinned to criticism from irreverent journalists, he heard little of it at Lambarene, where his proprietorship was unquestioned. The mid-side sees a figure-8 microphone pointed off-axis, perpendicular to the sound source. At the same time he gave organ concerts, delivered lectures and wrote books about theology. In 1955, he was made an honorary member of the Order of Merit (OM) by Queen Elizabeth II. In contemplation of the will-to-life, respect for the life of others becomes the highest principle and the defining purpose of humanity. Schweitzer came to French Equatorial Africa as a tall, handsome, broadly powerful young man with a shock of rich, black hair, an enormous mustache and a look of piercing determination in his bold eyes. . "From whatever direction he is considered, Bach is, then, the last word in an artistic evolution which was prepared in the Middle Ages, freed and activated by the Reformation and arrives at its [4][5] He spent his childhood in Gunsbach, also in Alsace, where his father, the local Lutheran-Evangelical pastor of the EPCAAL, taught him how to play music. [61] Cameron did not make public what he had seen at the time: according to a BBC dramatisation, he made the unusual journalistic decision to withhold the story, and resisted the expressed wish of his employers to publish an expos. In the years that followed, the hospital grew by leaps and bounds, not only in terms of bricks and mortar but also in its delivery of comprehensive and modern health care. [85][86][87] Schweitzer was not a vegetarian in his earlier life. His medical dissertation was titled, The Psychiatric Study of Jesus.. His speech ended, "The end of further experiments with atom bombs would be like the early sunrays of hope which suffering humanity is longing for. Albert Schweitzer. He was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor; the first nomination came in 1954 for his performance in Roman Holiday, and the second in 1973 for The Heartbreak Kid. Among the messages he received was one from President Johnson. In 1899, he astonished Widor by explaining figures and motifs in Bach's Chorale Preludes as painter-like tonal and rhythmic imagery illustrating themes from the words of the hymns on which they were based. Schweitzer's death was kept secret through the night because of a request he had. In 1924, Schweitzer returned without his wife, with an Oxford undergraduate Noel Gillespie as his assistant. Meantime, as these beliefs were maturing in Schweitzer's mind, he continued his student life at Strasbourg and fixed with great precision the course of his future. Noisome animals wandered in and At the Mulhouse gymnasium he received his "Abitur" (the certificate at the end of secondary education) in 1893. [21] During its preparation Schweitzer became a friend of Cosima Wagner, then resident in Strasbourg, with whom he had many theological and musical conversations, exploring his view of Bach's descriptive music, and playing the major Chorale Preludes for her at the Temple Neuf. He was the son of Louis Schweitzer and Adle Schillinger. Known as the "Schweitzer Technique", it is a slight improvement on what is commonly known as mid-side. LAMBARENE, GABON, Sept. 5--Albert Schweitzer died last night in his jungle hospital here. Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize of 1952,[79] accepting the prize with the speech, "The Problem of Peace". Albert Schweitzer made notable organ recordings of Bach's music in the 1940s and 1950s. ", "The Jesus of Nazareth . he had worked as an artisan in constructing many of its buildings; and, although the station was many times beset by adversities that would have discouraged a less dedicated man, it had grown at Through concerts and other fund-raising, he was ready to equip a small hospital. What It Does For over 60 years, HAS has helped develop a local health system in the rural Artibonite Valley of central Haiti. Footnote 35 Not only has Jesus, according to Schweitzer, by his death and apparent failure, . He was elected to the French Academy in 1951. He defended Jesus' mental health in it. He had barely started to clear the jungle when World War I broke out. own, is understandable when one considers the enormous achievement he has attained in his own lifetime. He returned to Africa alone in 1925, his wife and daughter, Rhena, who was born in 1919, remaining in Europe. Eddie Albert was showered with all the love and care anyone could hope for during his last days. In Reverence for Life, he concluded, "knowledge passes award rationale. Until his death in 1965, Schweitzer continued to publish, lecture, perform and care for the sick. Schweitzer, the pastor's son, grew up in this exceptional environment of religious tolerance, and developed the belief that true Christianity should always work towards a unity of faith and purpose. But this time he had also studied the organ briefly in Paris under the legendary Charles Marie Widor, who was so impressed with In their first nine months in Africa, they treated more than 2,000 patients. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful. " Albert Schweitzer He had originally conducted trials for recordings for HMV on the organ of the old Queen's Hall in London. On his trip to Europe, Schweitzer invariably made his headquarters at his home in Gunsbach, which was expanded until it was also a leave and rest center for the hospital staff. To support himself and to carry on the work at Lambarene, Schweitzer joined the medical staff of the Strasbourg Hospital, preached, gave lectures and organ recitals, traveled and wrote. I belong to you until my dying breath," he told co-workers at the sprawling hospital on his 90th birthday Jan. 14. Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer OM (German: [albt vats] (listen); 14 January 1875 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian polymath. The Albert Schweitzer Page; Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer; Albert Schweitzer mzeum s archvum Gnsbach; Albert Schweitzer Fellowship; Readings on Reverence for Life; Bruderhof Peacemakers Guide profile on Albert Schweitzer; Page at the Nobel e-Museum Archivlva 2004. augusztus 15-i dtummal a Wayback Machine-ben He maintained, instead, that man must rationally formulate an ethical creed and then strive to put it into practice. For Schweitzer, mankind had to accept that objective reality is ethically neutral. Late in the third day of his journey he was on deck thinking and writing. With the new hospital built and the medical team established, Schweitzer returned to Europe in 1927, this time leaving a functioning hospital at work. He was however also a theologian, organist, philosopher, and physician. . Thousands flocked there, and thousands responded to Schweitzer's He apparently did so in the company of his two cats, "Sizi" and . September 24, 1965 1965 T he death of Albert Schweitzer on September 4 brought down the curtain on one of the greatest of human dramas. Albert Schweitzer (14. tammikuuta 1875 - 4. syyskuuta 1965) oli saksalais-ranskalainen (elsassilainen) teologi, muusikko, musiikkitieteilij, filosofi ja lkri. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life", which states that the only thing we are really sure of is that we live and want to go on living. 3 in A minor. It resides in their vault today in deteriorating condition. At the age of 30, in 1905, Schweitzer answered the call of The Society of the Evangelist Missions of Paris, which was looking for a physician. " Albert Schweitzer 32. Deaths were concentrated during the first few months of life, with 35% occurring during the first month. They need very elementary schools run along the old missionary plan, with the Africans going Albert Schweitzer was born at Kaystersberg, Haute Alsace (now Haut-Rhin), Jan. 14, 1875, just two months after Germany had annexed the province from war-prostrate France. ASF selects and supports nearly 250 new US and Africa Schweitzer Fellows each year from over 100 of the leading US schools of medicine, nursing, public health, and every other field with some relation to health (including music, law, and divinity). [1] [43] He summarizes Pauline mysticism as "being in Christ" rather than "being in God". ~ Albert Schweitzer. Our culture divides people into two classes: civilized men, a title bestowed on the persons who do the classifying; and others, who have only the human form, who may perish or go to the dogs for all the 'civilized men' care. out, including Schweitzer's pet parrot (which was not taught to talk because that would lower its dignity) and a hippopotamus that once invaded the vegetable garden. The signal from the figure-8 is mult-ed, panned hard left and right, one of the signals being flipped out of polarity. Explaining his decision later in more mundane terms, Schweitzer said: "I wanted to be a doctor that I might be able to work without having to talk. He returned to Lambarene in 1929 and remained for two years, establishing a pattern of work in Africa and sojourns in Europe during which he lectured, wrote and concertized to raise funds for his hospital. Rhena Schweitzer Miller, the only child of Nobel Prize-winning humanitarian Dr. Albert Schweitzer, who carried on his medical missionary work in Africa after his death in 1965, died Sunday. Darstellung und Kritik[51] [The psychiatric evaluation of Jesus. "They are appropriate, therefore, to any world for in every world they raise the man who dares to meet their challenge, and does not turn them and twist them into meaninglessness, above his world This new form of activity I could not represent to myself as talking Happiness is the key to success. point in time. Today marks the 141st birthday of Dr. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965). of self-imposed exile in Africa. "The Teaching of Reverence for Life". He began to play the church organ at 8, when his feet barely reached the pedals. I can do no other than be reverent before everything that is called life. [judecat de valoare] n 1952 a primit Premiul Nobel pentru Pace . The soul is the sense of something higher than ourselves, something that stirs in us thoughts, hopes, and aspirations which go out to the world of goodness, truth and beauty. For example, John Gunther got a dressing-down from Schweitzer for writing that he resembled Buffalo Bill and also, perhaps, for implying that he did not know what was going on in nationalist Africa. Please check your inbox to confirm. [49] Although every human being is invited to become a Christian, only those who have undergone the initiation into the Christian community through baptism can share in the "realistic" dying and rising with Christ. For example, he once said, The African is indeed my brother, but my junior brother. On other occasions, he opined, I let the Africans pick all the fruit they want. Instead, he conceives of sonship to God as "mediated and effected by means of the mystical union with Christ". This compromise arose after the Protestant Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. In 1898, he returned to Paris to write a PhD dissertation on The Religious Philosophy of Kant at the Sorbonne, and to study in earnest with Widor. After peaking in the mid-1960s, the number of heart disease deaths began a marked decline that has persisted to the present. Director of the Lambarene hospital has been handed over to Schweitzer's assistant, Dr. Walter Munz. "I feel at home here. One of them, Gerald McKnight, wrote in his book "Verdiot on Schweitzer": "The temptation for Schweitzer to see Lambarene as a place cut off from the world, in which he can preserve "its original forms and so reject any theory of treatment or life other than his In July 1918, after being transferred to his home in Alsace, he was a free man again. Widor, deeply impressed, agreed to teach Schweitzer without fee, and a great and influential friendship thus began. He progressed to studying for his Ph.D. in theology in 1899 at the Sorbonne, where he focused on the religious philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Prelude in C major (Vol 4, 1); Prelude in D major (Vol 4, 3); Canzona in D minor (Vol 4, 10) (with Mendelssohn, Sonata in D minor op 65.6). It is a historical review of ethical thought leading to his own Gerson died in 1959, eulogized by long-time friend, Albert Schweitzer M.D. Schweitzer's probing conception of Bach created a sensation in its time, and it still remains a classic study, not only for the detailed instructions it provides for the playing of Bach but also for its challenging esthetic. "I let the Africans pick all the fruit they want," he said. Albert Schweitzer, OM (14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was a French-German theologian, organist, philosopher, and physician.He was born in the German province of Alsace-Lorraine and although that region had been reintegrated into the German Empire four years earlier, and remained a German province until 1918, he considered himself French and wrote mostly in French. He is suffering from a heart ailment. When the [7] The medieval parish church of Gunsbach was shared by the Protestant and Catholic congregations, which held their prayers in different areas at different times on Sundays. The tourists got the point and he returned to his meal. In 1957 and 1958, he broadcast four speeches over Radio Oslo which were published in Peace or Atomic War. The Jesus of Nazareth who came forward publicly as the Messiah, who preached the ethic of the Kingdom of God, who founded the Kingdom of Heaven upon earth, and died to give His work its final consecration, never had any existence. 2. [8], Schweitzer's first language was the Alsatian dialect of German. Albert Schweitzer. He became a welcome guest at the Wagners' home, Wahnfried. Paul's imminent eschatology (from his background in Jewish eschatology) causes him to believe that the kingdom of God has not yet come and that Christians are now living in the time of Christ. Edgar Berman quotes Schweitzer as having said in 1960, "No society can go from the primeval directly to an industrial state without losing the leavening that time and an agricultural period allow. Jesus, Schweitzer contended, believed himself the Messiah who would rule in a new kingdom of God when With Faust himself he could join in saying: This sphere of earthly soil in 1913. ". He summarized it once by saying: "A man is ethical only when life, as such, is sacred to him, that of plants and animals as that of his fellow men, and when he devotes himself helpfully to all life that is in need of help. The compound even lacked electricity, except for the operating and dental rooms, and members of the staff read by kerosene lamp. There is always something to make you wonder in the shape of a tree, the trembling of a leaf. Still gives us room for lofty doing. Schweitzer inspired actor Hugh O'Brian when O'Brian visited in Africa. The passage that appears to have directed his professional life describes Jesus exhorting his followers to Heal the Sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, cast out devils: freely ye have received, freely give. (Matthew, 10:8) In 1896, at the age 21, he decided to devote a period of time studying science and the arts and then to dedicate the rest of his life to helping the suffering. [55] In early 1913, he and his wife set off to establish a hospital (the Hpital Albert Schweitzer) near an existing mission post. barred him from preaching at the station, but agreed to accept his medical skills. Schweitzer saw many operas of Richard Wagner in Strasbourg (under Otto Lohse) and in 1896 he managed to afford a visit to the Bayreuth Festival to see Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal, both of which impressed him. [50] He could easily have obtained a place in a German evangelical mission, but wished to follow the original call despite the doctrinal difficulties. Lambarene, on the Ogooue River a few miles from the Equator, is in the steaming jungle. At the same time, he was a child of the 19th century, accepting He celebrated his 90th birthday there as hundreds of Africans, Europeans and Americans gathered to wish him well. Albert Schweitzer's engagement with Judaism, and with the Jewish community more generally, has never been the subject of substantive discussion. As a child, he was frail and an indifferent student in everything but music, for which he showed the interest of a prodigy.